3/26/2023 0 Comments Chimpanzee hand grip![]() ![]() Research with primates in the US was partially linked to our space program. The traditional interest was also mainly in primates most closely related to us, especially chimpanzees and bonobos. This meant primates living on the ground rather than in trees: terrestrial monkeys and terrestrial apes. This is important because no single slice of time will do to allow a full understanding of primate behavior.Īnthropologists were traditionally interested in studying primates with adaptations most similar to our own. Research programs were established that have enabled data to be collected on specific troops of baboons, chimps and other primates across 40 years and growing. This means that field studies must occur across decades to provide true understanding. Baboons live for about 25 years on average and chimpanzees for about 50 years. She made some remarkable discoveries and helped to usher what might be termed primate ethnography, becoming embedded within a primate social group so as to witness behavior in a very up-close and personal way. This is when Jane Goodall began her long-term study of chimpanzees. Intensive field research of primates in wild settings began in the 1960s. He has spent some 30 years studying a troop of baboons in Africa and the role that stress plays in health outcomes. Robert Sapolsky is a world famous primatologist who is a professor of Neurology & Neurological Sciences at Stanford. Some primatologists are trained in anthropological departments as physical anthropologists, but some train in other disciplines such as biology. And one of the major goals in primatology is to help understand human evolution and human nature. Studying primates (primatology) is inherently interesting to some because of some obvious similarities of these animals to us. Primatologistsstudy the evolution, anatomy & behavior of nonhuman primates. The primate order contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with humans included in the latter category. The Yeti and Bigfoot are not on the list they only exist in the minds of some people. There are some 260+ primate species in the world today all grouped together as members of this biological order. All living primates, including humans, evolved from earlier primates that are now extinct. Humans are the only primate capable of living in virtually any environment of the world, all because of culture, our learned behaviors. You’ve probably seen pictures of Japanese macaques, or snow monkeys, sitting in hot pools with their heads covered with frost or snow. A few species of monkeys (snub-nosed and macaques) have expanded into areas of cold and snow in Asia and Japan. ![]() Most primates live in the tropics and indeed this was the setting of their evolution, which began around 66 millions years ago at the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary when dinosaurs went extinct. When, where, & why did early primates emerge?.What distinguishes humans from other primates?.How do primates differ from other mammals?.This chapter’s learning objectives include: ![]()
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